JIDAM
“An Official Journal of IDA - Madras
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SHORT COMMUNICATION
ULTRASMALL BACTERIA AND
PERIODONTITIS – THE NOVEL LINK
Dr. Balaji Ganesh S
Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital,
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences,
Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Address for Correspondence:
Dr. Balaji Ganesh. S., MDS.,
Senior lecturer, Department of
Periodontics,
Saveetha Dental College and Hospital,
Saveetha Institute of Medical and
Technical Sciences,
Saveetha University, Chennai -
600077, Tamil Nadu, India
Email id: balajiganeshs.sdc@
saveetha.com
Received
: 30.08.2020
Accepted
: 09.09.2020
Published
: 27.09.2020
ABSTRACT
Periodontal diseases are triggered by an interaction
between bacterial components of tooth associated biofilms and
host immune response mechanisms. Candidate phyla radiation
(CPR) bacterial group is a recently identified, but highly
diverse and abundant group of ultrasmall bacteria. CPR group
includes Absconditabacteria (SR1), Gracilibacteria (GN02)
and Saccharibacteria (TM7). Real time PCR and metagenomics
based techniques are also employed to detect CPR species. TM7
organisms has been detected in periodontitis patients, HIV-
positive patients with necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis,
smokers with periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis cases and in
mature plaque samples procured from orthodontic treatment
undergoing individuals. It is found that TM7 isolate grow as
short rods or cocci
in dual-species
biofilms
with
Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Parvimonas
micra or Streptococcus gordonii. The positive association of
ultrasmall bacteria or CPR microorganisms with periodontal
diseases spotlights the capacity of ultrasmall bacteria to modulate
the immune response. The CPR microbiome is enriched with
virulence factors and is adapted to a parasitic lifestyle that leads
to disrupted host homeostasis. This makes the individual
susceptible to periodontal tissue destruction. In future, we should
instigate researches to know more about the actions and
properties of ultrasmall bacteria and their association with
periodontal diseases.
KEYWORDS:
ultrasmall bacteria, periodontitis, Candidate
Phyla Radiation (CPR) group, periodontal microbiology
124
JIDAM/Chennai/Volume:7/Issue:3/Pages
124 - 127/ July-Sep 2020
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DOI:1.37841/jidam_2020_V7_I3_09